Subject: COMPUTER GRAPHICS (15 weeks, 4 hours/week)

Lecturer's name: dr. Szirmay-Kalos László, associate professor

Course description:
1. Fundamentals of raster graphics hardware
   Raster graphics architecture. Frame buffer access. Lookup table, D/A conversion.
2. Software architecture of graphics subsystems
   Classification of user interfaces. WIMP interfaces. Interaction methods. Graphics libraries. Event-driven software specification and design. MS-WINDOWS and X-WINDOW/OSF-MOTIF.
3. 2D modelling and graphics databases
   Graphics primitives, attributes. Geometric design: Interpolation and approximation curves, splines. Regions. Segmented display structures.
4. Transformations. 2D image synthesis
   Coordinate systems and their transformations. Homogenous coordinates and their establishment in projective geometry. Homogenous linear transformation of the projective space. Scan-conversion (line segments, region filling). Anti-aliasing and dithering, s tochastic sampling. 2D graphics pipeline. Implementation of graphics algorithms in hardware.
5. Fractals
   Hausdorff dimension, Brownian motion as a tool to create fractals. Construction of Brownian motion in spatial and frequency space. Chaotical dynamical systems. Julia and Mandelbrot sets. IFS systems.
6. 3D modelling
   Classification of modelling systems. Topological consistency. Solid modelling: CSG, B-Rep and Euler-operators. Winged-Edge data-structure.
7. 3D image synthesis
   Optical fundamentals of 3D image synthesis (Hall model), illumination. Basic law of Photometry. Camera and lightsource models. Ray tracing. Texture mapping, anti-aliasing.
8. Wire-frame and incremental solid rendering
   Wire-frame rendering algorithms. Z-buffer, Warnock's, depth-order, scan-line and planar-graph based hidden surface algorithms. Gouraud and Phong shading. Hardware architecture of advanced workstations: transformation pipeline, z-buffer and frame-buffer design, Gouraud shading and z-buffering hardware.
9. Radiosity method
   Energy balance in space. Form factors, Hemi-sphere and hemi-cube algorithms. Solution of the linear equation (Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel iteration). Numerical problems of the radiosity method. Progressive refinement. Hierarchical radiosity. Monte-Carlo rad iosity. Higher-order radiosity methods.
10. Volume visualisation
    Representation and rendering of 3D functions. Surface reconstruction.
11. Animation
    Kinematics and kinetics design of the motion. Key-frame animation. Interpolation techniques. Problem of the rotation interpolation: quaternions. Consideration of mechanical constraints. Real-time animation.
12. Bibliography
    1. Szirmay-Kalos László (editor): Theory of Three-dimensional Computer Graphics. Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1995
    2. Foley- Dam- Freiner- Hughes: Computer graphics, Addison Wesley, 1990
    3. Watt: Fundamentals of Three-dimensional Computer Graphics, Addison Wesley, 1989





Examination (in Hungarian).

Past Computer Graphics Laboratory homeworks (in Hungarian).

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